Frequently Asked Questions

A hernia is a protrusion of part of the body from its normal location to another, usually through a defect or weakness in its containing cavity.  They usually present as a swelling, which may or may not be painful.  Examples of common locations where hernias can be found include the groin (inguinal hernia), belly button (umbilical hernia), and through old scars (incisional hernia).

This depends on the individual clinical situation.  In general, hernias which are completely asymptomatic (not causing any problems or symptoms such as pain or discomfort) are usually best left alone, regardless of size.  This is because there is a very small risk of making things worse with surgery.  This is best discussed with a consultant surgeon with extensive experience of hernia surgery.

There is a small risk (varies by the site and size of the hernia) of bowel becoming stuck in the hernia and becoming "strangulated".  This is a very serious problem and requires an an emergency operation.  This is indicated by sudden and severe pain in the hernia, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.   In the absence of this complication, the natural history of hernias is to gradually increase in size with time.